He was 'anti-metanarrative', which itself is contradictory because the idea itself is a type of meta-narrative
Interested in POWER and KNOWLEDGE
History:
History was written from a (Modernist) grand history perspective, that looked at the large structures throughout time from the point of view of the dominant social group
History needs to be re-written from the point of view of 'small history'- remove the biases mentioned above, account for cultural biases, etc. (petit histoire)
Knowledge:
Knowledge is socially constructed- opposed the modernist view that knowledge was the current state of science
Structures:
Foucault was a believer of post-structuralism- disliked the power of structures
His book 'Discipline and Punishment' examined today's prisons as an institution of society (a large structure), and showed their evolution from physical punishment to psychological punishment